SAN FRANCISCO—At its Code with Claude developers' conference, Anthropic has introduced what it calls "dreaming" to Claude Managed Agents. Dreaming, in this case, is a process of going over recent events and identifying specific things that are worth storing in "memory" to inform future tasks and interactions. Dreaming is a feature that is currently in research preview and limited to Managed Agents...
SAN FRANCISCO—At its Code with Claude developers' conference, Anthropic has introduced what it calls "dreaming" to Claude Managed Agents. Dreaming, in this case, is a process of going over recent events and identifying specific things that are worth storing in "memory" to inform future tasks and interactions. Dreaming is a feature that is currently in research preview and limited to Managed Agents on the Claude Platform. Managed Agents are a higher-level alternative to building directly on the Messages API that Anthropic describes as a "pre-built, configurable agent harness that runs in managed infrastructure." It's intended for situations where you want multiple agents working on a task or project to some end point over several minutes or hours. Anthropic describes dreaming as a scheduled process, in which sessions and memory stores are reviewed, and specific memories are curated. This is important because context windows are limited for LLMs, and important information can be lost over lengthy projects. On the chat side of things, many models use a process called compaction, whereby lengthy conversations are periodically analyzed, and the models attempt to remove irrelevant information from the context window while keeping what's actually important for the ongoing conversation, project, or task. Read full article Comments
Space-related funds are seeing a surge of inflows as investors eagerly await the IPO of Elon Musk's SpaceX (SPAX.PVT). In the latest installment of Yahoo Finance's ETF Report, TMX VettaFi head of research Todd Rosenbluth to talk about the ETFs that could draw in the most investors — like the Procure Space ETF (UFO) — as interest in the broader space economy grows. Rosenbluth goes on to weigh in on...
Space-related funds are seeing a surge of inflows as investors eagerly await the IPO of Elon Musk's SpaceX (SPAX.PVT). In the latest installment of Yahoo Finance's ETF Report, TMX VettaFi head of research Todd Rosenbluth to talk about the ETFs that could draw in the most investors — like the Procure Space ETF (UFO) — as interest in the broader space economy grows. Rosenbluth goes on to weigh in on prediction market ETFs that are set to launch.
It's been a tough year for Spotify 's (NYSE: SPOT) stock, and things didn't get any better when it reported its Q1 results late last month. The stock is now down about 28% on the year, as of this writing. Let's take a closer look at the company's recent results and prospects to see if investors should buy the dip. After raising prices in the U.S. earlier this year, there has been a worry among som...
It's been a tough year for Spotify 's (NYSE: SPOT) stock, and things didn't get any better when it reported its Q1 results late last month. The stock is now down about 28% on the year, as of this writing. Let's take a closer look at the company's recent results and prospects to see if investors should buy the dip. After raising prices in the U.S. earlier this year, there has been a worry among some investors that Spotify's premium subscriber growth would slow. That finally showed up in its guidance, as it projected premium subscribers to grow 8% year over year to 299 million in Q2, falling just shy of analyst estimates for 300.3 million. Continue reading
Give Peace A Chance By Benjamin Picton, senior market strategist at Rabobank It was TACO Tuesday again in the United States this week as President Trump announced that he was pausing Operation Freedom “for a short period” after it had been underway for just one day. Channelling John Lennon, Trump indicated that progress in negotiations with Iran had convinced him to ‘ give peace a chance ’, but th...
Give Peace A Chance By Benjamin Picton, senior market strategist at Rabobank It was TACO Tuesday again in the United States this week as President Trump announced that he was pausing Operation Freedom “for a short period” after it had been underway for just one day. Channelling John Lennon, Trump indicated that progress in negotiations with Iran had convinced him to ‘ give peace a chance ’, but that the US blockade of Iranian ports would remain in place for now. The Dow Jones, S&P500 and NASDAQ all closed higher and US stock futures are pointing to further gains. Asian stocks are mostly higher with the KOSPI breaching 7000 for the first time and Samsung joining the USD 1 trillion market cap club. Bond yields are mostly lower but UK Gilts are a conspicuous outlier in that respect, with the 10-year up 9.7bps to 5.06% and the 2-year rising even further. The Dollar is down, the VIX is down, spot gold is a little over 1% higher and Brent crude (July contract) has fallen to $108.46/bbl at time of writing. Trump characterized the pause as coming in response to requests from Pakistan and others and told media that the indefinite ceasefire was still in effect despite Iranian strikes on the UAE port of Fujairah, commercial shipping, and US destroyers engaged in guiding commercial ships through the Strait over the last 24 hours. Secretary of War Pete Hegseth said that the operation which began on Monday was purely defensive, stating that “we’re not looking for a fight”. Trump had earlier characterized the effort as a “humanitarian gesture” to free trapped merchant mariners who were running short of provisions, but there is undoubtedly an added element of seeking to ease the squeeze on commercial shipping supply chains by bringing the 1,600 vessels trapped in the Persian Gulf back into the active shipping fleet. As Operation Freedom was put on hold, Secretary of State Marco Rubio told a White House news briefing that Operation Epic Fury had already concluded, thereby sidesteppi...
The dollar index (DXY00 ) tumbled to a 2.5-month low today and is down by -0.46%. Optimism that a peace deal between the US and Iran is near is weighing on safe-haven demand for the dollar today. Also, today's -6% plunge in crude oil prices eases inflation expectations and could...
The dollar index (DXY00 ) tumbled to a 2.5-month low today and is down by -0.46%. Optimism that a peace deal between the US and Iran is near is weighing on safe-haven demand for the dollar today. Also, today's -6% plunge in crude oil prices eases inflation expectations and could...
KanawatTH/iStock via Getty Images Following Lumentum’s ( LITE ) earnings I became even more confident in my bullish rating as it seems that the company is getting more and more positioned within the realm of core AI infrastructure bottlenecks. Meaning that Lumentum is still experiencing supply constraints on several key products, while the hyperscalers' momentum on spending on AI is very healthy. ...
KanawatTH/iStock via Getty Images Following Lumentum’s ( LITE ) earnings I became even more confident in my bullish rating as it seems that the company is getting more and more positioned within the realm of core AI infrastructure bottlenecks. Meaning that Lumentum is still experiencing supply constraints on several key products, while the hyperscalers' momentum on spending on AI is very healthy. Furthermore, I believe that the market does not appreciate how intense optical density will become as compute clusters are expanding which favors its next cycle of growth. It Is Margin Dynamics That Matter Not Top-Line Growth The first thing that the investor community might react to is the tremendous year-over-year revenue growth that reached 90% . Both Components and Systems delivered exceptional acceleration, suggesting AI optical demand is broadening across the stack rather than relying on a single transceiver cycle. Q3 2026 Still, in my view, much more interesting is the margin trend. Particularly, the company posted a staggering sequential growth in non-GAAP gross margin, which amounted to 47.9% up by 540 basis points quarter-over-quarter. Similarly, Lumentum saw a sharp sequential improvement in the operating margin that amounted to 32.2%. The fact that both metrics grew significantly at such an early phase of the AI cycle is very unusual. In my opinion, it is noteworthy that Lumentum has exceeded its own expectations regarding the current performance. Earlier, the management announced an intermediate target for the margin framework of 35% for operating margins above $1.25 billion in revenues. However, currently, the firm achieved 32.2% operating margins with slightly above $808 million of quarterly sales. Thus, I would approach the current quarter's results differently. Furthermore, it is noteworthy that there are several important factors behind the margin improvement. Firstly, they relate to the enhanced utilization rates, more favorable product mix, select price ...
Every weekday, the CNBC Investing Club with Jim Cramer holds a "Morning Meeting" livestream at 10:20 a.m. ET. Here's a recap of Wednesday's key moments. 1. The S & P 500 and Nasdaq touched record highs on Wednesday on progress toward a possible U.S.-Iran peace deal. "Oil went down, interest rates [bond yields] went down, and that allowed a roaring tech rally," Jim Cramer said. AI and data center i...
Every weekday, the CNBC Investing Club with Jim Cramer holds a "Morning Meeting" livestream at 10:20 a.m. ET. Here's a recap of Wednesday's key moments. 1. The S & P 500 and Nasdaq touched record highs on Wednesday on progress toward a possible U.S.-Iran peace deal. "Oil went down, interest rates [bond yields] went down, and that allowed a roaring tech rally," Jim Cramer said. AI and data center infrastructure stocks continued to lead the market higher, helped by a new optical fiber partnership between Corning and Nvidia . "It does matter," Cramer said, reiterating his view that the economy is increasingly being driven by compute and AI. Corning shares rose 11%. We're putting together a story on all of Corning's Investor Day news, including new guidance. Check your inboxes and texts shortly for our alert. 2. Shares of Arm Holdings climbed 12% ahead of earnings, but Jim warned investors not to expect a huge post-report rally even if the chip maker delivers strong results. "The problem is Arm is going up ahead of the news," Jim said, noting that sharp pre-earnings gains can limit upside afterward. Investors will be watching for royalty growth and updates on new customers when Arm reports Wednesday evening. While Arm-based CPUs continue gaining traction with hyperscaler customers like fellow Club names Amazon and Alphabet, Jim emphasized that competition remains intense. "It's Intel , it's them [Arm], and it's AMD — and that's a very powerful series of enemies," he said. 3. Alphabet and Amazon "may be the two best" members of the Magnificent Seven , Jim said, adding that Nvidia still belongs in that conversation as well. Cramer said he is "so glad we own Amazon." He also called it "very right" that the Club re-bought Alphabet at the end of last year after exiting the stock in March 2025. The discussion came after reports that Anthropic committed to spend as much as $200 billion with Google Cloud over the next five years. Jim said he regrets not re-buying Advanced Micro...
Horizon Technology Finance ( HRZN ) declares $0.06/share monthly dividend , in line with previous. Forward yield 16.33% The company also announced a special monthly distributions of $0.03 per share payable in third quarter 2026. Both payable July 15; for shareholders of record June 17; ex-div June 17. Payable Aug 14; for shareholders of record July 16; ex-div July 16. Payable Sept. 15; for shareho...
Horizon Technology Finance ( HRZN ) declares $0.06/share monthly dividend , in line with previous. Forward yield 16.33% The company also announced a special monthly distributions of $0.03 per share payable in third quarter 2026. Both payable July 15; for shareholders of record June 17; ex-div June 17. Payable Aug 14; for shareholders of record July 16; ex-div July 16. Payable Sept. 15; for shareholders of record Aug. 17; ex-div Aug. 17. See HRZN Dividend Scorecard, Yield Chart, & Dividend Growth. More on Horizon Technology Finance Horizon Technology Finance: HTFC Is Not As Attractive As It Seems Horizon Technology Finance (HRZN) Q4 2025 Earnings Call Transcript Horizon Technology Finance: A Textbook Case Of A Value Trap Horizon Technology Finance NII of $0.19 Horizon Technology Finance Q1 2026 Earnings Preview
Palantir Technologies (NasdaqGS:PLTR) reported its fastest revenue growth since listing after Q1 2026 results. First quarter revenue grew 85% year over year, driven by stronger U.S. government and commercial demand for its Artificial Intelligence Platform. Management said demand for the platform is now outstripping supply and raised full year guidance significantly. For investors tracking NasdaqGS...
Palantir Technologies (NasdaqGS:PLTR) reported its fastest revenue growth since listing after Q1 2026 results. First quarter revenue grew 85% year over year, driven by stronger U.S. government and commercial demand for its Artificial Intelligence Platform. Management said demand for the platform is now outstripping supply and raised full year guidance significantly. For investors tracking NasdaqGS:PLTR, this update comes with the stock at $135.91 and a very large 3 year return, alongside a...
Nikola Stojadinovic/E+ via Getty Images Investment Summary My previous investment thought on Equifax Inc. ( EFX ) was an upgrade to a buy rating because I was positive on the revised guidance and underlying momentum. Fast forward to today, I am downgrading EFX to hold. The Q1 2026 quarter was strong, but the setup is now less clean. Growth was helped heavily by mortgage, underlying 2026 guidance w...
Nikola Stojadinovic/E+ via Getty Images Investment Summary My previous investment thought on Equifax Inc. ( EFX ) was an upgrade to a buy rating because I was positive on the revised guidance and underlying momentum. Fast forward to today, I am downgrading EFX to hold. The Q1 2026 quarter was strong, but the setup is now less clean. Growth was helped heavily by mortgage, underlying 2026 guidance was not raised, and margins did not show clear operating leverage. I still like the business, especially EWS, but I do not think the near-term evidence supports staying bullish. 1Q26 Results Update This was a strong quarter at the headline level for EFX. Q1 2026 total revenue was up ~14% y/y to ~$1.65 billion, while organic constant-currency revenue growth came in at 13%. USIS (US Information Solutions) was the main driver, with revenue up ~21% y/y to $605.6 million. Workforce Solutions (EWS) also had a solid quarter, with revenue of $683.1 million, up 10.4% y/y, and organic growth of 10%. Within Workforce Solutions, Verification revenue grew 13.8% y/y to $571.4 million, while Employer Services declined 4% y/y to $111.7 million. International revenue was $360.2 million, up 11.3% y/y, but organic growth was only 4.5%. Profit-wise, adj. EBITDA was up ~13% y/y to $477.4 million, with an adj. EBITDA margin of 29%, down 39 bps y/y. Of all the segments, Workforce Solutions remained the highest-quality segment from a margin perspective, with adj. EBITDA of $357.3 million, up 15.2% y/y, and a 52.3% margin. USIS adj. EBITDA was $183.6 million, up 7.6% y/y, with a 30.3% margin. And lastly, International adj. EBITDA was $89.9 million, up 15.1% y/y, with a 25% margin. Adjusted cash EPS for the quarter was $1.86, up 21.6% y/y. Mortgage And EWS EFX’s equity story is still very much supported by mortgage and EWS. As you can see from how strong USIS growth was this quarter, it shows that EFX can print strong growth when mortgage activity improves. The logic here is that when more mortgage a...
Israel’s central bank accused the competition watchdog of making an “extreme and disproportionate” decision following a move to categorize the country’s top lenders as an oligopoly. At stake is a move by the Competition Authority to declare Israel’s five largest banks a “concentration group,” a legal term that grants it jurisdiction over the lenders’ retail operations and adds to routine scrutiny ...
Israel’s central bank accused the competition watchdog of making an “extreme and disproportionate” decision following a move to categorize the country’s top lenders as an oligopoly. At stake is a move by the Competition Authority to declare Israel’s five largest banks a “concentration group,” a legal term that grants it jurisdiction over the lenders’ retail operations and adds to routine scrutiny from the central bank. “The declaration harms regulatory certainty and could, therefore, deter investors from operating in Israel without generating any competitive benefit,” the Bank of Israel said in a statement on Wednesday. Israel’s two largest lenders — Bank Hapoalim and Bank Leumi Le-Israel — controlled just under 50% of the banking system’s assets at the end of 2024, Competition Commissioner Michal Cohen said. Together with Israel Discount Bank , Mizrahi Tefahot Bank Ltd and First International Bank of Israel Ltd , the level rises to 98%, she added. All five banking groups are traded on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange, where their shares had little reaction to the news. Cohen said that, as a first step, banks would be issued with four directives that will take effect within a year. These include baring lenders from discriminating between clients when applying deposit rates, improving transparency on deposit remuneration and facilitating free transfers between banks. The intention is to give customers more bargaining power, “curbing bank practices that make it difficult to compare prices and to switch to competing banks and financial institutions,” Cohen said. The immediate focus is on the deposit market, but future moves could span further. The central bank said it had not consented to the directives as is legally required. While formal dialog took place, it said, the bank was not convinced “that the proposed instructions would yield competitive benefits exceeding their costs, or that systemic risks and consequences were considered.”
Earnings Call Insights: Flex Ltd. (FLEX) Q4 fiscal 2026 Management View "We announced our intent to spin off our Cloud and Power Infrastructure business into a new publicly traded company with the spin expected to complete in the first quarter of calendar 2027." (CEO & Director Revathi Advaithi) "I'm excited to share that I will serve as CEO of SpinCo... I'm pleased to leave it in Michael Hartung'...
Earnings Call Insights: Flex Ltd. (FLEX) Q4 fiscal 2026 Management View "We announced our intent to spin off our Cloud and Power Infrastructure business into a new publicly traded company with the spin expected to complete in the first quarter of calendar 2027." (CEO & Director Revathi Advaithi) "I'm excited to share that I will serve as CEO of SpinCo... I'm pleased to leave it in Michael Hartung's very capable hands as CEO." (CEO & Director Advaithi) "Earlier this week, we closed our acquisition of Electrical Power Products or EP2, strengthening our power portfolio with utility-grade specification-driven solutions for grid modernization and electrification." (CEO & Director Advaithi) "We've recently secured substantial incremental business with several hyperscaler and data center customers, including Google." (CEO & Director Advaithi) "Fourth quarter revenue came in at $7.5 billion... adjusted gross margin improved to a record level 9.9%... adjusted operating margins at 6.7%... adjusted earnings per share... to $0.93 per share." (Chief Financial Officer Kevin Krumm) "From this quarter, moving forward, we will be reporting in three new segments: Regulated Manufacturing Solutions, Integrated Technology Solutions and Cloud and Power Infrastructure." (CFO Krumm) Outlook "For SpinCo, we're targeting revenue growth of 65% to 75% in fiscal year 2027... And for FY '28, we expect further acceleration with growth of over 80%." (CEO & Director Advaithi) "For fiscal '27... revenue to be between $32.3 billion and $33.8 billion... adjusted operating margin... between 7% and 7.1%... adjusted EPS... between $4.21 and $4.51." (CFO Krumm) "We expect CapEx to be in the range of $1.4 billion to $1.6 billion... and free cash flow conversion of approximately 60%, excluding costs associated with the spin transaction." (CFO Krumm) "For total Flex, we expect revenue in the range of $7.35 billion to $7.65 billion... Lastly, we anticipate adjusted EPS to be between $0.86 and $0.92 per share....
Earnings Call Insights: BioCryst Pharmaceuticals (BCRX) Q1 2026 Management View “2026 is off to a very good start for BioCryst, marked by strong execution on our commercial and development programs, the smooth integration of Astria Therapeutics and disciplined management of our finances,” said CEO Charles Gayer. “ORLADEYO net revenue of $148.3 million for the quarter was right in line with our exp...
Earnings Call Insights: BioCryst Pharmaceuticals (BCRX) Q1 2026 Management View “2026 is off to a very good start for BioCryst, marked by strong execution on our commercial and development programs, the smooth integration of Astria Therapeutics and disciplined management of our finances,” said CEO Charles Gayer. “ORLADEYO net revenue of $148.3 million for the quarter was right in line with our expectations, and monthly new patient prescriptions have tracked slightly ahead of 2025 averages.” On pediatrics, CEO Gayer said, “The pediatric indication launch is just beginning, but early signals confirm the need for oral prophylaxis for kids with HAE,” adding, “We have received prescriptions for each of the 4 product strengths of ORLADEYO pellets.” He also disclosed, “We have also recently discovered a manufacturing issue that will delay the first product fulfillment,” while stating, “we do not expect this delay to affect our revenue guidance for 2026.” On competition and durability, CEO Gayer said, “We are pleased that new prescription demand for ages 12 and up remains consistent with our quarterly averages since launch despite new competition,” and added, “Physicians and patients continue to trust ORLADEYO as an effective and proven option for HAE prophylaxis.” On pipeline execution and a leadership change, CEO Gayer said, “Progress on the pivotal ALPHA-ORBIT trial for navenibart has exceeded our expectations,” and, “Enrollment will be completed ... by the end of next month,” with “approximately 145 enrolled patients.” He added, “I am thrilled that Dr. Sandeep Menon has joined us as Chief R&D Officer last month.” Chief R&D Officer Sandeep Menon said, “Navenibart ... will complete enrollment ... by the end of June this year,” and, “This keeps us on track to submit a regulatory filing in the U.S. by the end of next year.” He highlighted ALPHA-SOLAR results: “it recently demonstrated 92% and 90% mean attack reductions in the 3-month and the 6-month dosing regimens, respect...
Earnings Call Insights: Jack Henry & Associates (JKHY) Q3 fiscal 2026 Management View "We produced record third quarter results with non-GAAP revenue of $616 million, up 7.3% over last year's third quarter." (CEO, President & Director Gregory Adelson) "Our sales and marketing team delivered an outstanding quarter with 17 competitive core wins, including 5 institutions with more than $1 billion in ...
Earnings Call Insights: Jack Henry & Associates (JKHY) Q3 fiscal 2026 Management View "We produced record third quarter results with non-GAAP revenue of $616 million, up 7.3% over last year's third quarter." (CEO, President & Director Gregory Adelson) "Our sales and marketing team delivered an outstanding quarter with 17 competitive core wins, including 5 institutions with more than $1 billion in assets." (CEO, President & Director Adelson) He also said, "Based on our strong momentum, we are highly confident that we will exceed the 51 core wins achieved last year." "At the end of April, more than 700 banks and credit unions were live with Tap2Local." (CEO, President & Director Adelson) He added, "Since beginning targeted marketing just a few days ago, active merchants have doubled to more than 1,600 with several thousand additional merchants currently in the enrollment process." "Rapid Transfers is now live with over 110 banks and credit unions with an additional 190 at various stages of onboarding." (CEO, President & Director Adelson) He also said, "The average transaction size is approximately $260, which is double our original projections." "Q3 GAAP revenue increased 9%. Non-GAAP revenue increased 7% for the quarter and 8% year-to-date." (CFO & Treasurer Mimi Carsley) Outlook "Full year GAAP revenue growth guidance increases to a range of 6.1% to 6.6%." (CFO & Treasurer Carsley) She added, "We have tightened the range of non-GAAP annual revenue growth guidance, resulting in a new outlook of 6.6% to 7.1%." "We are increasing full year guidance for non-GAAP margin expansion to a range of 75 to 95 basis points from the original 20 to 40 basis points on the August call." (CFO & Treasurer Carsley) "The above increased guidance metrics result in a stronger full year outlook for GAAP EPS of $6.78 to $6.87 per share." (CFO & Treasurer Carsley) She also said, "Our expectation on fourth quarter revenue are below current analyst consensus." Financial Results "Our non-GAAP o...
Earnings Call Insights: Advantage Solutions (ADV) Q1 2026 Management View CEO David Peacock said Q1 was “solid and ahead of our internal expectations,” with “strong growth in Experiential Services, improvement in Retailer Services and continued headwinds affecting Branded Services,” and reported net revenues of $723 million and adjusted EBITDA of $68 million. CEO Peacock tied execution improvement...
Earnings Call Insights: Advantage Solutions (ADV) Q1 2026 Management View CEO David Peacock said Q1 was “solid and ahead of our internal expectations,” with “strong growth in Experiential Services, improvement in Retailer Services and continued headwinds affecting Branded Services,” and reported net revenues of $723 million and adjusted EBITDA of $68 million. CEO Peacock tied execution improvement to operational changes, saying “our centralized labor model…is driving improved retail execution and profitability,” and added that the company “recently launched the last phase of our SAP implementation” while advancing Workday. CEO Peacock highlighted liquidity and deleveraging actions, reporting $74 million in adjusted unlevered free cash flow, $144 million in cash, and “roughly $130 million of debt” paid down during the quarter. CFO Christopher Growe said divestitures “collectively accounted for approximately $20 million in revenues and over $10 million of EBITDA in 2025,” and that Q1 comparability reflected net revenue and EBITDA adjustments of “approximately $5 million and $3 million, respectively.” CFO Growe detailed segment performance: Branded Services revenue of $226 million and adjusted EBITDA of $21 million; Experiential Services revenue of $270 million and adjusted EBITDA of $26 million; Retailer Services revenue of $227 million and adjusted EBITDA of $21 million. Outlook Management reiterated full-year guidance, with CEO Peacock stating “flat to low single-digit revenue growth,” “adjusted EBITDA that is flat to down mid-single digits,” adjusted unlevered free cash flow of $250 million to $275 million, and “net free cash flow conversion of 25% of adjusted EBITDA, excluding the incremental costs related to the recent debt refinancing.” CFO Growe added that “a portion of the outperformance in the quarter reflects timing-related benefits that may normalize over the balance of the year,” and said the first half is now expected to represent “in the low 40% range of...
The Scottish parliament election is the most unpredictable for some time, with Labour claiming it is winning over the don’t knows It was supposed to be a carefully choreographed walkabout for John Swinney through his party’s target seat of Hamilton. Instead, the Scottish National party leader was confronted by angry voters, including his own. Natasha Kelly, 35, railed against the local council’s f...
The Scottish parliament election is the most unpredictable for some time, with Labour claiming it is winning over the don’t knows It was supposed to be a carefully choreographed walkabout for John Swinney through his party’s target seat of Hamilton. Instead, the Scottish National party leader was confronted by angry voters, including his own. Natasha Kelly, 35, railed against the local council’s failure to improve the damp council flat that had left her 13- and eight-year-old boys with chronic asthma. Continue reading...